Grinding machine



Feb. 2,1932; f HFEBUSCH 1,843,414

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 24, 1925' 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 E 4 mm 2.

l -i. F. BUSCH 343,434

Feb. 2, 1932.

I GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 241925 5 he she 5 Feb. 2, 1932. H BUSCH Q 3,843,414

GRINDING MACHINE Filed Nov. 24, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 llllllllllllll lllllll Feb. 2, 1932. H. F. BuscH GRINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 -Fi1ed NOV. 24, 1925 a 0 l J /awww=5 0 F Patented Feb. 2, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HERMAN F. BUSGH, OF MILLVALE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN OLR. TO ARMSTRONG COR-K COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA GRINDING MACHINE Application filed November 24, 1925. Serial No. 71,125.

' The present invention relates broadly to the art of grinding and polishing, and more particularly to a machine adapted for the accurate surfacing of articles of cork, such as cots, for spinning mills, or the like, al-

though the utility of the invention is not limited, the machine being inherently adapted to other purposes and uses.

At the present time there is a growing.

demand in the spinning mill art for cots having a cork surfaceas distinguished from the leather covered cots heretofore almost exc lusively used. It is necessary that such cork cots have an extremely smooth and ac curate surface, and due to the characteristics of cork it will be appreciated that it does not lend itself readily to a smoothing operation. The present invention has particularly for its object the provision of a machine adapted to accurately and quickly surface articles of this general nature. 7

In the accompanying drawings there is shown, for purposes of illustration only, a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it being understood that the drawings do not define the limits of my invention, as changes in the construction and operation disclosed herein may be made without departing from either the spirit of the invention or the scope of my broader claim.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with the present invention, certain of the parts being broken away to facilitate an understanding of the construction I enlarged scale, partly in section and partly broken away, illustrating more particularly theholding means for the article to be n v i J Figure 5 is a detail sectional view on the line V-V of Figure 4, looking-in the direction of the arrows; r

oscillating the grinding wheel;

Figure 8 is an end view on an enlarged] scale, illustrating the construction of the grinding wheel;

Figure 9 is a perspective view, partly broken away, and illustrating the clutch mechanism for controlling the grinding operation; and

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view of a portion of the structure shown in Figure 9.

In carrying out the present invention, there may be provided a machine frame '2 having a top transversely extending supporting shelf 3, an intermediate supporting shelf 4 and a bottom platform 5.

Mounted on the shelf 3 adjacent the oppos'ite sides thereof are bearings 6, preferably of the ball bearing type, adapted to receive the grinding spindle 7 carrying a grinding Wheel 8. This grinding wheel may conveniently be of the construction illustrated in Figure 8, wherein it is shown as having substantially diametrically opposite grooves 10 adapted to receive wedge elements 11 effective for'holding sheets of sand paper 12, or similar material, in position around the peripheral surface of the wheel.

For rotating the spindle 7, the platform 5 preferably carries at the rear portion of the machine a motor 13 having an armature shaft 14 one end of which carries a crown pulley 15. This pulley is adapted to receive a main driving'belt 16 cooperating with a pulley 17' on the grinding spindle 7. In this manner the grinding wheel can be rotated at any desired speed, depending upon the characteristics of the motor. 7

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that a grinding element of the general character herein referred to, while highly effective with regard to its grinding or abrading characteristics, has a tendency to produce minute grooves in the surface being acted upon unless in some manner different portions of the grinding surface are caused to continually contact with-different portions 7 T '19 having a pivotal mounting on the shelf 3. The upper end of the lever 19 is preferably bifurcated in such manner as toextend around the lower portion ofthe collar and cooperate with t e trunnions projecting therefrom, as clearly apparent from an inspection of Figure 2. The lower endof the lever 19 is pivotally connected to a pitman 21 cooperating with an eccentric strap 22 opto be effective on opposite sides of. the

erated by an eccentric 23. This eccentric is in turn carried by a shaft 24 j ournaled in the frame 2 of the machine, preferabl in suit able bearings 25 on the shelf 4, as 0 early apparent from Figures 1, 2 and 7.

The shaft 24 may be driven in any desired manner, as, for example, by providing it with a bevel gear 26 with which meshes a driving pinion 27 carried by a shaft 28 extending parallel to the spindle 7 and journaled in suitable bearings 28 on the shelf 4. At its Outer end the shaft 28 carries a grooved pulley 29 with which cooperates a grinder or spindle oscillating belt 30 extending around a grooved portion 31 in the crown ulley 15 on the armature shaft. By reason 0 the constru ction described, it will be apparent that upon operation of the motor the lever 19 will be oscillated and in turn reciprocate the spindle and grinding wheel. v

Carried by the shelf 3 and adapted to be moved transversely thereof in suitable guides 32 is a slide 33, which slide carries a. table support 34 adjustable on the slide and relatively thereto by means of an adjusting screw 35. This adjusting screw passes through a bridge plate 36 having its ends secured to the slide 33 and having its central portion extend in upwardly into substantial alignment w1th the table support 35, whereby the inner end of the screw ma abut directly against the table support. aving a pivotal mounting 37 on the table support 34 is a table 38, the angularity of the table being adjustable relatively to the support 34 by means of a plurality of adjusting screws 39 passing through lugs 40 on the front of the table support and bearing against the table so as ivotal mounting 37. The table support may be provided with arcuate guide grooves 41 adated to receive projections (not shown) exten ing dogi'nwardly from the lower surface of the ta e.

Normally the slide, table support and table with their associated mechanism are adapted to occupy the position illustrated in Figuresf2 and 3. This portion of the machine may, however, be moved to the left,as viewed in Figure 3, or rearwardly, as Viewed in Figure 2, by means of acontrol lever 42 having a pivotal mounting 43 and provided with a roller 44 adapted to bear against the slide 33. By reason of this construction it will be a parent that if the lever is swung in a cloc wise position, as viewed in Figure 2, about its pivotal mounting it will be efiective for moving the slide and its associated parts, as before pointed out. This movement is effective for bringing the ,article to be ground into cooperative relation with the grinding wheel 8 for effecting the desired results. In order to support the articleduring the grinding operation, the table 38 carries adjacent one end thereof a mandrel center 45 which is adjustable to different positions longitudinally of the table by reason of the prdvision of an upstanding bracket 46 having a plurality of openings 47, any one of which may receive a boltor bolts for holding the mandrel center in the desired position. Adjacent the opposite end of the table there is provided another mandrel center 48 preferably similarly adjustable by reason of a bracket 49 and a plurality of openings 50 adapted to cooperate with bolts 51, as clearly shown in Figure 6.

'Itwillbe understood that if desired the bolts 51 may cooperate with slots 52 in the bracket which carries the mandrel center.

Byreference more particularly to Figure 4 of the drawings, it will be apparent that the mandrel centers 45 and 48 are adapted to re ceive a mandrel 53 on which is carried the cot 54 or other article to be ground. The ends of the mandrel 53 are illustrated as be-. ing tapered and the sockets in the mandrel centers are similarly shaped to accurately center the mandrel upon the mere act of positioning it therein. In order to permit insertion of the mandrel, one of the centers, as, for example, the center 48, is adapted to be moved inwardly or outwardly, this movement being accomplished by a lever 55 having a pivotal mounting 56 and carrying'a collar 57 cooperating with the mandrel center whereby upon operation of the lever 55 the center 48 may be reciprocated through a limited distance, this reciprocation being opposed by a coil spring 58. By reason of this coil spring, it will be apparent that .upon re-. leasing the lever 55 the center 48 will immediately tend to move to the'left, as viewed in Figure 4, or to the right, as viewed in Figure 6., to thereby effectively grip the mandrel and accurately center the same. Preferably, neither of the mandrel centers is positively driven, it .having been found that more accurate results can be obtained bydriving the article independently of the centers which support it. For this purpose there is provided a driving roller 59 preferably comprising a corrugated or -roughened cylindrical body h bearings 61 projecting upwardly from the .as the driving shaft.

table 38. At one end the roller shaft has secured thereto a spur gear 62 adapted to be driven bya similar gear 63 freely rotatable on a shaft 64. Conveniently the gear 63 may be carried by a sleeve 65, which sleeve in turn has secured thereto a pulley 66 around which passes a roller driving belt 67 adapted to be driven by a pulley carried by the shaft 68, as apparent from Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, this shaft being hereinafter referred to Referring more particularly to Figure 1 of the drawings, it will be found that I the driving shaft carries a bevel gear 69 with which meshes a similar gear 70 on the wormwheel shaft 71. The wormwheel shaft is driven by a wormwheel 72 with which meshes a worm 73 on the worm shaft 74. The worm shaft has secured thereto a pulley 75 adapted to be driven by .a belt 76 cooperating with a suitable pulley 77 on the opposite end of the armature shaft 14 from that which carries the crown pulley 15. With this construction it will be obvious that as the motor operates it will be eflective for continuously rotating the driving roller 59.

With the driving roller in the position illustrated in Figures 2, 3 and 5, its periphery is in contact with the surface of an article 54 on the mandrel 53 whereby the article will be frictionally rotated, this rotation being in addition to the rotation of the grinding element and the oscillatory movement of such grinding element. In order to permit the positioning of an article within the mandrel centers, it is desirable to provide means for swinging the driving roller to inoperative position. This may be accomplished by having the bearings 61 carried by arms 78 which in turn are pivotally'mounted on the shaft 64. Projecting outwardly from the hubs 79 which carry the arms 78 is a roller operating lever 80 which is adapted to be pushed down-' wardly, as viewed in Figure 5, to swing the driving roller 59 to the right, as viewed in this figure, out of contact orcooperative relation with an article being positioned in the mandrel centers. The parts may be temporarily held in this position by providing a catch 81 having a shoulder 82 adapted to pass over the roller operating lever 80 when it is in its down position and prevent an 'unintentional return movement of the parts. The roller operating'lever catch is normally urged to the left, as viewed in Figure 4, about its pivotal mounting 82 by a spring 83. When it is desired to release the driving roller it is merely necessary to swing the catch 81 to the right, as viewed in Figure 4, whereupon the springs 84 surrounding the shaft 64 and cooperating with the hub 79 will be effective for swinging the driving roller and its cooperating parts ina counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 5, to bring the periphery of the driving roller into frictional driving relation with the periphery of an artlcle supported by the mandrel centers. During this swinging movement of the. arms 78 the gear 62 will rotate around the gear 63, the distance between the centers of the gears being fixed at all times.

It is desirable from the standpoint of operating expediency to provide means automatically operable after a predetermined time interval for releasing the slide and its associated mechanism to permit the article to move away 'from the grinder, this means being effective during such time interval for holding the article in-cooperative relation to the grinder. This may be accomplished by providing a combined clutch and release mechanism effective for holding the article in' cooperative grinding relation to the grind-' ing element for one revolution of the mechanism and then operative for becoming automatically disengaged at the conclusion of said revolution. Such a clutch mechanism as illustrated herein may comprise a. cam 85 carried by a clutch shaft 86, the cam having an opening 87 leading to the interior thereof. The clutch shaft 86 is an idle shaft journaled in bearings 88 depending from the shelf 3, as

clearly shown in Figure 1, and is normally frictionally held in the position illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 by a brake 89 urgedinto braking position by a compression spring 90. Depending from the under side of the slide 33 is a bracket 91 carrying a roller 92 at its lower end, this roller being of such dimensions that it is adapted to pass freely through the opening 87. Also projecting downwardly from the lower side of the slide 33 is a second bracket 93, illustrated in detail in Figure 9, this bracket having secured thereto a link 94 which is in turn pivotally connected to a lever 95 journaled on a shaft 96. The shaft 96 carries a gear 97 meshing with agear'98 on the driving shaft 68 and is adapted in turn to drive a gear 99 on the stud shaft 100. (See Figure 10.) This stud shaft is secured at one end to a spring lever101 journaled, on the shaft 96 and is provided with an offset 102 through which passes a spring carrier 103 the inner end of which is secured in the lever 95. Surrounding the spring carrier is a spring 104 having its initial compression controllable by means of adjustments 105. Se-

cured in any desired manner to the gear 99 apparent that the wheels 106 and 108 constitute in effect a cone type clutch, the Wheel 108 being mounted on the shaft 86 which carries the cam 85.

Projecting rearwardly from a suitable bracket 109 which may be suitably formed either on the slide 33 or the bracket 91 is a bracket release rod 110, this rod extending sitioned Within the mandrel centers the control lever 42 is operated to swing the slide inwardly and thereby bring the article into contact with the grinding element. This operation will bring the roller 92 within the cam groove through the opening 87, and later place the driving wheel 106 in driving engagement with the wheel 108. The wheel 108 will thereupon start rotating in the direction of the arrow A of Figure 3, thereby bringing a solid portion of the cam into position to prevent release of the roller 92 and disengagement of the wheels 106 and 108 until the cam has completed a revolution. The brake 89' will be simultaneously removed so that the cam is free to rotate, and an efi'ee 'tive driving engagement between the wheels 106 and 108 will be maintained by reason of the spring 104. After the cam 85 has completed a revolution so that the opening 87 again occupies the position illustrated in Figure 3, the springs 90 and 104 will be effective for returning the parts to the position shown in Figure 3, thereby bringing the article 54 out of grinding relationwith the grinding element. At the same time the brake will be applied to the cam to insure holding of the same in such position that it is ready for a succeeding cycle of operation. It will be understood that either before or after operation of the control lever 42 the catch 81 may be released to permit the driving roller 59 to swing upwardly into driving engagement with the article. This operation will preferably take place prior to the operation of the control lever 42 so as to insure rotation of the article at the time it is brought into engagement with the grinding element.

\Vith the apparatus herein disclosed, the

article being ground is subjected during its own rotation under the influence of a friction driving member to a combined rotary and sliding grinding action of such nature that the formation of grooves in. the article is effectively prevented. At the same time the article is released automatically after a v predetermined grinding'period to thereby inmay devote to the machine.

sure uniformity in successive articles irrespective of the attention which the operator This constitutes one ofthe advantages of the present con-- struction. r

Further advantages arise from the provision of the friction driving means from theclutch mechanism for controlling the period of the grinding operation and from the construction of the mandrel supporting means whereby mandrels of diflerent sizes and characteristics may be effectively and quickly positio'ned and supportedi I Claim:

In the method of grinding cork cots in a machine having an abrading element, the steps consisting in mountin a sleeve-like cork cot on a mandrel, rotata ly supporting the mandrel, bringing the cot while thus su ported into grinding relation with the abra ing element, causing relative movement between the cot and the abrading element longitudinally of the axis of the cot whereby to eliminate scoring of the cork surface, and utilizing the frictional properties of the cork surface to rotate the cot and the mandrel by frictionally "engaging the surface of the cot and thus rotating the same.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 

